The Chinese Goose is a
breed descended from the wild Swan Goose. hence their
name Anser Cygnoides. In 1857 they said "
Three
beautiful specimens were exhibited at the late
Agricultural Show, held in the county of Philadelphia.
They were owned by a gentleman, whose name I forget,
living in the vicinity of Tacony, near this city. In
introducing this variety to the reader, Mr. Dixon says :
There is a venerable joke about a Spanish Don, who knocked
at a cottage door to ask a night's lodging." Who's there ?
What do you want ?" said the inmates. " Don Juan Jose
Pedro Antonio Alonzo Carlos Geronimo, &c., &c.,
&c., wants to sleep here to-night." "Get along with
you/' was the reply: " how should we find room here for so
many fellows ?" The China Goose is in the same position as
the Spanish Don. It has names enough to fill a menagerie.
China Goose, Knob Goose, Hong-Kong-Goose, Asiatic Goose,
Swan Goose, Chinese Swan, (Cygnus Sinensis, CUVIER,)
Guinea Goose, Spanish Goose, Polish Goose, Anas and Anser
cygnoides, Muscovy Goose, and probably more besides.
Confusion, therefore, and perplexity, are" Historic
names include"Hong Kong ,Knob Fronted, Chinese Swan Goose
and Spanish Geese" . . . . . "
The old writers
call it the Guinea Goose, for the excellent
reason, as Willughby hints, that in his time it was the
fashion to apply the epithet " Guinea" to every thing of
foreign and uncertain origin.* Thus, what we at this day
erroneously call the Muscovy Duck, was then called the
Guinea Duck. Not long back it was common with us to refer
every strange or new object to a French source. Spanish
Goose is another title, probably as appropriate as Guinea
Goose. Bewick has given an admirable wood-cut of this
bird, but he has evidently selected the Gander, which is
taller and more erect than the female, though to both may
be applied Willughby's description, "a stately bird,
walking with its head and neck, decently erected." .
. . . . . . . . . . . . ."Cuvier (Griffiths' edition) goes
further, calls it at once Cygnus Sinensis, Chinese Swan,
and says that this and the Canada Goose cannot be
separated from the true Swans. "
In America Mr
Belcher is a frequently mentioned breeder who imported
them via Hong Kong but states that they originated
in Tchin Tchu and objects to them being called Hong Kong
Geese but accepts China Goose as more accurate .He
describes them as "My stock of China geese
exhibit all those external characteristics
the best judges assign to the pure breed. The bill is
black, with a black or dark-colored protuberance
surmounting the base of the upper mandible. A
feathered wattle hangs under the throat; a dark brown
stripe proceeds from the back of the head down the
neck, until it reaches the upper part of the body
between the wings; the fronts of the neck and the
breast, are yellowish grey; the abdomen is white ; the
back, and all the upper parts of the body, are of a
dark, greyish color, and the legs dark, with black
feet." From Miner's Domestic Poultry Book: A
Treatise on the History, Breeding. London 1852/3

In 1848 they are recorded by
"Mr.
Alfred Whitaker, of Beckington, Somerset. " I wish you
could have seen the white variety or species, as it is so
far superior in every respect to the brown. The period of
incubation of the White China Goose was not more than
thirty days, i. e. not longer than that of the Common
Duck. The White China Goose is of a spotless pure white" a
very few gray feathers have since appeared . . .
more
swan-like than the brown variety, with a bright
orange-coloured bill, and a large orange-coloured knob at
its base. It is a particularly beautiful bird, either in
or out of the water, its neck being long, slender, and
gracefully arched when swimming. It breeds three or four
times in the season ; but I was not successful with them,
owing, as I fancied, to my having no water for them,
except a rapid running stream. A quiet lake I believe to
be more to their taste, and more conducive to the
fecundity of the Eggs. I believe my birds are still in the
neighbourhood, as I lent them to a farmer to try his luck
with them. The Egg is quite small for the size of the
bird, being not more than half the size of that of the
Common Goose. "
But later "On visiting town, in May, 1848, "
my efforts
to get a sight of any White China Geese were unavailing.
There were none left in St. James's Park ; there were not
any in the Surrey Gardens, choice as that collection is;
nor were any visible at the principal places where Poultry
is offered for sale. The Zoological Society had parted
from their specimens, in consequence of being overstocked
with other things. Their head keeper seemed only to
consider them in the light of a variety of the Cygnoides,
" from Rev Dixon + Kerr ' Ornamental + Domestic
Poultry USA edition 1857 Uk edition was 1849
1870's
Tegetmeir has both
colours described in detail. Chinese geese differ from
the wild birds in much larger size (upto 5-10 kg in males,
4-9 kg in females), and in having an often strongly
developed basal knob on the upper side of the bill. The knob
at the top of the beak is more prominent on males than
females. By 6–8 weeks of age, the knob is already pronounced
enough that it can be used for sexing. Chinese geese are a
close cousin of the African goose, a heavier breed also
descended from the Swan Goose they also differ from other
breeds having more neck vertabrae